{"id":933,"date":"2026-03-30T04:45:29","date_gmt":"2026-03-30T04:45:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/?page_id=933"},"modified":"2026-07-28T05:01:05","modified_gmt":"2026-07-28T05:01:05","slug":"vjbe","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/vjbe\/","title":{"rendered":"Vavuniya Journal of Business Economics"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<meta charset=\"UTF-8\">\n  <meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=yes\">\n  <title>Vavuniya Journal of Business Economics | VJBE<\/title>\n  <link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\">\n  <link rel=\"preconnect\" href=\"https:\/\/fonts.gstatic.com\" crossorigin=\"\">\n  <link href=\"https:\/\/fonts.googleapis.com\/css2?family=Fraunces:ital,opsz,wght@0,9..144,400;0,9..144,500;0,9..144,600;0,9..144,700;0,9..144,800;1,9..144,500&amp;family=Outfit:wght@300;400;500;600;700&amp;display=swap\" rel=\"stylesheet\">\n  <link rel=\"stylesheet\" href=\"https:\/\/cdnjs.cloudflare.com\/ajax\/libs\/font-awesome\/6.0.0-beta3\/css\/all.min.css\">\n  <style>\n    \/* ----- consistent design tokens (unchanged) ----- *\/\n    :root {\n      --ink: #0f172a;\n      --ink-soft: #334155;\n      --ink-muted: #64748b;\n      --teal-deep: #0e7490;\n      --teal-mid: #0d9488;\n      --teal-bright: #0f766e;\n      --gold: #b45309;\n      --gold-light: #d97706;\n      --cream: #f8fafc;\n      --paper: #ffffff;\n      --border: #e2e8f0;\n      --border-strong: #cbd5e1;\n      --nav-inactive-bg: #f1f5f9;\n      --focus-ring: 0 0 0 3px rgba(14, 116, 144, 0.35);\n      --shadow-soft: 0 1px 3px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.08);\n      --shadow-lift: 0 4px 16px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.1);\n      --radius-lg: 16px;\n      --radius-md: 12px;\n      --radius-pill: 999px;\n      --font-display: 'Fraunces', Georgia, serif;\n      --font-body: 'Outfit', system-ui, sans-serif;\n    }\n    * { margin:0; 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}\n  <\/style>\n\n\n<div class=\"app-container\">\n  <header class=\"main-header\">\n    <div class=\"header-inner\">\n      <div class=\"journal-title\">\n        <h1><span class=\"hero-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><i class=\"fas fa-chart-line\"><\/i><\/span> Vavuniya Journal of Business Economics<\/h1>\n        <p>Department of Business Economics \u00b7 Faculty of Business Studies \u00b7<br> University of Vavuniya, Sri Lanka<\/p>\n        <div class=\"header-badge-row\">\n          <span class=\"meta-chip\"><i class=\"fas fa-book-open\"><\/i> Peer-reviewed<\/span>\n          <span class=\"meta-chip\"><i class=\"fas fa-calendar-check\"><\/i> Biannual<\/span>\n          <span class=\"meta-chip\"><i class=\"fas fa-unlock\"><\/i> Open access<\/span>\n        <\/div>\n      <\/div>\n      <div class=\"header-aside\">\n        <span class=\"vjbe-mark\" aria-label=\"VJBE\">VJBE<\/span>\n        <p class=\"vjbe-sub\">Bridging economic scholarship and national policy discourse<\/p>\n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n    <div class=\"nav-wrap\">\n      <nav class=\"nav-tabs\" id=\"navTabs\" aria-label=\"Journal sections\">\n        <button type=\"button\" class=\"tab-btn active\" data-tab=\"introduction\"><i class=\"fas fa-scroll\"><\/i> Introduction<\/button>\n        <button type=\"button\" class=\"tab-btn\" data-tab=\"objectives\"><i class=\"fas fa-bullseye\"><\/i> Objectives<\/button>\n        <button type=\"button\" class=\"tab-btn\" data-tab=\"editorial\"><i class=\"fas fa-users\"><\/i> Editorial Board<\/button>\n        <button type=\"button\" class=\"tab-btn\" data-tab=\"operations\"><i class=\"fas fa-calendar-alt\"><\/i> Operations<\/button>\n        <button type=\"button\" class=\"tab-btn\" data-tab=\"justification\"><i class=\"fas fa-check-circle\"><\/i> Impact<\/button>\n        <button type=\"button\" class=\"tab-btn\" data-tab=\"guidelines\"><i class=\"fas fa-pen-fancy\"><\/i> Author Guidelines<\/button>\n        <!-- NEW: Call for Papers button -->\n        <button type=\"button\" class=\"tab-btn\" data-tab=\"callforpapers\"><i class=\"fas fa-bullhorn\"><\/i> Call for Papers<\/button>\n      <\/nav>\n    <\/div>\n  <\/header>\n\n  <main class=\"content-pane\" id=\"contentPane\">\n    <div class=\"loading-state section-card\">Loading<\/div>\n  <\/main>\n  <footer>\n    <p><i class=\"fas fa-globe\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i> <span class=\"footer-accent\">VJBE<\/span> \u2014 Peer-reviewed \u00b7 Biannual \u00b7 Open access \u00b7 ISSN pending<\/p>\n    <p>Bridging economic scholarship and Sri Lanka\u2019s policy transformation<\/p>\n  <\/footer>\n<\/div>\n\n<script>\n  \/\/ ----- pageData with all sections (existing + guidelines + callforpapers) -----\n  const pageData = {\n    introduction: {\n      content: `\n        <div class=\"section-card\">\n          <h2><i class=\"fas fa-landmark\"><\/i> Introduction &amp; economic imperative<\/h2>\n          <p>Sri Lanka, at this critical juncture of economic transformation and restructuring, requires dedicated platforms that rigorously document, analyse, and disseminate economic knowledge rooted in its unique socio-economic realities. The Department of Business Economics proposes to launch a peer-reviewed, biannual academic journal titled the <strong>\u201cVavuniya Journal of Business Economics (VJBE)\u201d<\/strong> under the Faculty of Business Studies. While the Faculty currently publishes a multidisciplinary journal, there is a pressing need for a specialized economic journal advancing economic scholarship, policy debates, and data-driven research within the Sri Lankan and South Asian contexts.<\/p>\n          <div class=\"highlight-box\">\n            <i class=\"fas fa-chart-simple\"><\/i> <strong>Current economic challenges in Sri Lanka:<\/strong> Post-debt crisis restructuring, fiscal deficit, inflation volatility, exchange rate pressures, structural unemployment, regional disparities, and climate vulnerabilities. Evidence-based policy discourse is urgent.\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>The need for academic contribution<\/h3>\n          <ul>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-book-open\"><\/i> <strong>Gap in literature:<\/strong> Limited consolidated Sri Lanka-focused economic platforms.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-building\"><\/i> <strong>Policy impact:<\/strong> Policymakers and practitioners lack accessible peer-reviewed local research.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-graduation-cap\"><\/i> <strong>Student and early-career development:<\/strong> Opportunities to publish and develop research under mentorship.<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n          <h3>Why a new journal under the Department?<\/h3>\n          <p>The Faculty\u2019s multidisciplinary journal accepts economics papers but does not focus exclusively on economic policy, empirical economic research, nor provide thematic issues addressing urgent concerns (monetary policy transmission, SME financing, digitalization, green growth). <strong>VJBE<\/strong> will complement and enrich the existing publication ecosystem.<\/p>\n          <div class=\"grid-2col\">\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-chart-line\"><\/i> <strong>Focus: Sri Lanka &amp; South Asia<\/strong><br>Local data utilization (CBSL, household surveys) and policy-oriented research.<\/div>\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-handshake\"><\/i> <strong>Bridging academia &amp; practice<\/strong><br>Regular roundtables and policy briefs from leading practitioners.<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <p><span class=\"badge\"><i class=\"far fa-clock\"><\/i> Biannual (July &amp; January)<\/span> <span class=\"badge\"><i class=\"fas fa-database\"><\/i> Indexing: DOAJ, EconLit, Google Scholar (target)<\/span><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n      `\n    },\n    objectives: {\n      content: `\n        <div class=\"section-card\">\n          <h2><i class=\"fas fa-bullseye\"><\/i> Objectives of VJBE<\/h2>\n          <div class=\"grid-2col\">\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-microscope\"><\/i> <strong>Advance high-quality scholarship<\/strong><br>Peer-reviewed research on Sri Lankan &amp; South Asian economics.<\/div>\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-archive\"><\/i> <strong>Knowledge repository<\/strong><br>Support policymakers, researchers, practitioners.<\/div>\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-chalkboard-user\"><\/i> <strong>Interdisciplinary approaches<\/strong><br>Development, finance, environmental economics, public policy.<\/div>\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-rocket\"><\/i> <strong>Foster publication culture<\/strong><br>Students &amp; early-career researchers with rigorous standards.<\/div>\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-university\"><\/i> <strong>Enhance research visibility<\/strong><br>Position Dept. of Business Economics as a leader in economic discourse.<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>Scope and thematic areas<\/h3>\n          <p>Original research, policy briefs, review papers, book reviews in:<\/p>\n          <div class=\"tag-cloud\">\n            <span class=\"badge\">Macroeconomic stability<\/span>\n            <span class=\"badge\">Fiscal policy &amp; public finance<\/span>\n            <span class=\"badge\">Development economics<\/span>\n            <span class=\"badge\">International trade<\/span>\n            <span class=\"badge\">Environmental economics<\/span>\n            <span class=\"badge\">Agricultural economics<\/span>\n            <span class=\"badge\">Labour economics<\/span>\n            <span class=\"badge\">Digital economy<\/span>\n            <span class=\"badge\">Regional integration<\/span>\n            <span class=\"badge\">Public policy evaluation<\/span>\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"highlight-box\">\n            <i class=\"fas fa-star-of-life\"><\/i> <strong>Special issues (annual):<\/strong> Debt restructuring &amp; growth, green economy transition in Sri Lanka, post-crisis economic resilience, youth employment and entrepreneurship.\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>Target audience<\/h3>\n          <ul class=\"simple-list\">\n            <li>Academics and researchers in economics.<\/li>\n            <li>Policymakers, ministries, Central Bank of Sri Lanka.<\/li>\n            <li>Industry analysts, business chambers, think tanks.<\/li>\n            <li>Postgraduate &amp; advanced undergraduate students.<\/li>\n            <li>Development agencies working on Sri Lanka's economy.<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n          <p><strong>Uniqueness:<\/strong> Local data emphasis, policy orientation, and invited policy briefs each issue.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n      `\n    },\n    editorial: {\n      content: `\n        <div class=\"section-card\">\n          <h2><i class=\"fas fa-users\"><\/i> Editorial leadership &amp; governance<\/h2>\n          <div class=\"grid-2col\" style=\"grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(280px, 1fr));\">\n            <div>\n              <h3><i class=\"fas fa-pen-fancy\"><\/i> Editor-in-Chief<\/h3>\n              <ul class=\"editor-list\">\n                <li><strong>Dr. Ravinthirakumaran Navaratnam<\/strong> <span class=\"btn-small\">Senior Academic<\/span><\/li>\n              <\/ul>\n              <h3><i class=\"fas fa-user-edit\"><\/i> Associate Editors<\/h3>\n              <ul class=\"editor-list\">\n                <li><strong>Mr. Thayaparan Aruppillai<\/strong><\/li>\n                <li><strong>Ms. Paulina Mary Godwin Phillip<\/strong><\/li>\n              <\/ul>\n              <h3><i class=\"fas fa-tasks\"><\/i> Managing Editors<\/h3>\n              <ul class=\"editor-list\">\n                <li><strong>Ms. Harshani Herath<\/strong><\/li>\n                <li><strong>Ms. Supuni Nilupuli<\/strong><\/li>\n              <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n            <div>\n              <h3><i class=\"fas fa-chalkboard\"><\/i> Advisory Board (distinguished scholars)<\/h3>\n              <ul class=\"board-list\">\n                <li><strong>Professor Eliyathamby A Selvanathan<\/strong> (Griffith University, Australia)<\/li>\n                <li><strong>Professor Saroja Selvanathan<\/strong> (Griffith University; Co-Editor-in-Chief, Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy)<\/li>\n                <li><strong>Senior Professor OG Dayaratna-Banda<\/strong> (University of Peradeniya; Editor, Sri Lanka Economic Journal)<\/li>\n                <li><strong>Senior Professor Sandaram P. Premaratna<\/strong> (University of Colombo; Editor in Chief, Colombo Journal of Economics)<\/li>\n                <li><strong>Senior Professor HN Prabhath Jayasinghe<\/strong> (University of Colombo; Former Editor in Chief, Colombo Business Journal)<\/li>\n              <\/ul>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <hr>\n          <h3>Editorial policies: conflict of interest &amp; confidentiality<\/h3>\n          <div class=\"highlight-box\">\n            <i class=\"fas fa-shield-alt\"><\/i> Editors of VJBE shall not publish their own papers in the journal. If a submission involves an editor, another editor processes it anonymously. Unpublished manuscripts cannot be used in personal research without author consent. Reviewers maintain strict confidentiality; any misconduct is confidentially reported to Editor-in-Chief.\n          <\/div>\n          <p><strong>Double-blind peer review<\/strong> by a national and international panel ensures high academic integrity and quality control.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n      `\n    },\n    operations: {\n      content: `\n        <div class=\"section-card\">\n          <h2><i class=\"fas fa-gears\"><\/i> Operational structure &amp; sustainability<\/h2>\n          <p><strong>Publication frequency:<\/strong> Biannual (July &amp; January) with planned quarterly expansion.<br>\n          <strong>Indexing &amp; visibility:<\/strong> Registration with Sri Lanka Journals Online (SLJOL), ISSN application, indexing in DOAJ, EconLit, Google Scholar within first three years.<br>\n          <strong>Funding &amp; sustainability:<\/strong> Initial support from Department &amp; Faculty budget; long-term Open Access with optional APCs, institutional subscriptions, and sponsorships from development agencies &amp; business chambers.<\/p>\n          <h3><i class=\"fas fa-calendar-week\"><\/i> Implementation timeline<\/h3>\n          <div class=\"timeline\">\n            <div class=\"timeline-grid\">\n              <div class=\"timeline-item\"><span class=\"month\">Month 1<\/span><br>Proposal approval<\/div>\n              <div class=\"timeline-item\"><span class=\"month\">Month 2<\/span><br>Formation of editorial &amp; advisory boards<\/div>\n              <div class=\"timeline-item\"><span class=\"month\">Month 3<\/span><br>ISSN application &amp; SLJOL registration<\/div>\n              <div class=\"timeline-item\"><span class=\"month\">Month 4<\/span><br>First call for papers<\/div>\n              <div class=\"timeline-item\"><span class=\"month\">Months 5\u20136<\/span><br>Peer review &amp; editing<\/div>\n              <div class=\"timeline-item\"><span class=\"month\">Month 7<\/span><br>Launch of inaugural issue (digital &amp; print)<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3><i class=\"fas fa-hand-holding-usd\"><\/i> Risk management<\/h3>\n          <ul>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-exclamation-triangle\"><\/i> <strong>Low submission volume:<\/strong> Active calls, pre-submission workshops with Sri Lankan universities.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-exclamation-triangle\"><\/i> <strong>Quality control:<\/strong> Rigorous double-blind review, editorial board mentorship.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-exclamation-triangle\"><\/i> <strong>Financial sustainability:<\/strong> Moderate costs, partnerships with CBSL, IPS, Chambers of Commerce.<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n          <div class=\"highlight-box\">\n            <i class=\"fas fa-handshake\"><\/i> <strong>Potential collaborations:<\/strong> Central Bank of Sri Lanka (CBSL), Institute of Policy Studies (IPS), Chambers of Commerce, international development agencies for thematic special issues on poverty, sustainability &amp; employment.\n          <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n      `\n    },\n    justification: {\n      content: `\n        <div class=\"section-card\">\n          <h2><i class=\"fas fa-check-double\"><\/i> Justification, impact &amp; national relevance<\/h2>\n          <div class=\"grid-2col\">\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-chart-line\"><\/i> <strong>Alignment with vision<\/strong><br>Enhances Faculty\u2019s KPI research output, aligns with university mission for national development.<\/div>\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-hospital-user\"><\/i> <strong>Addressing national needs<\/strong><br>Sri Lanka's economic recovery demands evidence-based discourse; VJBE fills the scholarly voice gap.<\/div>\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-copy\"><\/i> <strong>Non-duplication but complementation<\/strong><br>Multidisciplinary journal exists \u2192 VJBE deepens economics focus &amp; attracts specialized submissions.<\/div>\n            <div class=\"info-card\"><i class=\"fas fa-trophy\"><\/i> <strong>Institutional reputation<\/strong><br>Elevates Department\u2019s national standing, supports faculty research careers, attracts postgraduate talent.<\/div>\n          <\/div>\n          <h3>Sri Lanka\u2019s economic restructuring &amp; role of VJBE<\/h3>\n          <p>At this pivotal moment of post-crisis recovery, fiscal consolidation and sustainable growth strategies require rigorous local research. VJBE will serve as a catalyst for knowledge-sharing among academics, central bankers, and policymakers, offering data-driven insights on monetary policy, debt sustainability, green growth, and inclusive development.<\/p>\n          <div class=\"highlight-box\">\n            <i class=\"fas fa-quote-left\"><\/i> Approval of this proposal will strengthen the Faculty\u2019s contribution to research, elevate the Department\u2019s profile nationally, and serve Sri Lanka\u2019s socio-economic development needs through evidence-based, peer-reviewed scholarship.\n          <\/div>\n          <h3><i class=\"fas fa-chart-simple\"><\/i> Expected impact metrics<\/h3>\n          <ul>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-chart-bar\"><\/i> Publication of at least 12\u201315 original articles per year after first volume.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-chart-bar\"><\/i> Collaborative special issues with CBSL\/IPS increasing policy citations.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-chart-bar\"><\/i> Building a community of early-career Sri Lankan economists.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-chart-bar\"><\/i> Potential indexing in Scopus within 5 years through strategic quality focus.<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n          <p><strong>Conclusion:<\/strong> The Vavuniya Journal of Business Economics is a timely, strategic initiative aligned with academic excellence and national development. We seek the Faculty Board\u2019s support to initiate this impactful journal.<\/p>\n        <\/div>\n      `\n    },\n    \/\/ ----- Author Guidelines (full) -----\n    guidelines: {\n      content: `\n        <div class=\"section-card\">\n          <h2><i class=\"fas fa-pen-fancy\"><\/i> Author Guidelines<\/h2>\n          <h3>Introduction<\/h3>\n          <p>The Vavuniya Journal of Business Economics (VJBE) is a peer-reviewed, open-access, biannual scholarly journal published by the Department of Business Economics, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Vavuniya, Sri Lanka. The journal aims to promote high-quality research and scholarly discussion in the fields of economics, business economics, finance, development studies, public policy, international economics, environmental economics, econometrics, entrepreneurship, and related disciplines.<\/p>\n          <p>VJBE welcomes original research articles, review articles, policy papers, case studies, and short communications that contribute to theoretical advancement, empirical understanding, and policy formulation in economics and related fields.<\/p>\n          <p>Authors should note that only original and previously unpublished manuscripts will be considered for publication. Manuscripts submitted to VJBE must not be under consideration by another journal or publisher simultaneously. Submission of a manuscript implies that all authors have approved the submission and that the work does not infringe upon any existing copyright.<\/p>\n          <p>The corresponding author shall be responsible for all communications with the Editorial Office during the submission, review, and publication processes. Full contact details, including institutional affiliation, postal address, email address, and ORCID iD, must be provided for the corresponding author.<\/p>\n          \n          <h3>Scope of the Journal<\/h3>\n          <p>The journal welcomes submissions in, but not limited to, the following areas:<\/p>\n          <div class=\"grid-2col\" style=\"grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(200px,1fr));\">\n            <ul class=\"simple-list\"><li>Business Economics<\/li><li>Microeconomics and Macroeconomics<\/li><li>Development Economics<\/li><li>International Economics and Trade<\/li><li>Public Economics<\/li><li>Monetary Economics<\/li><li>Financial Economics<\/li><li>Environmental and Resource Economics<\/li><\/ul>\n            <ul class=\"simple-list\"><li>Agricultural Economics<\/li><li>Labour Economics<\/li><li>Health Economics<\/li><li>Industrial Economics<\/li><li>Behavioural Economics<\/li><li>Econometrics and Quantitative Economics<\/li><li>Economic Policy Analysis<\/li><li>Entrepreneurship and Innovation<\/li><\/ul>\n            <ul class=\"simple-list\"><li>Digital Economy and Economic Transformation<\/li><li>Sustainable Development and Economic Growth<\/li><\/ul>\n          <\/div>\n\n          <h3>Manuscript Organization<\/h3>\n          <p>Manuscripts should be arranged in the following order:<\/p>\n          <ol style=\"padding-left:1.5rem; margin:0.5rem 0; color:var(--ink-soft);\">\n            <li>Title Page<\/li><li>Abstract<\/li><li>Keywords<\/li><li>JEL Classification Codes<\/li><li>Introduction<\/li><li>Literature Review<\/li><li>Methodology<\/li><li>Results<\/li><li>Discussion<\/li><li>Conclusion and Policy Implications<\/li><li>Acknowledgements (if applicable)<\/li><li>Funding Statement<\/li><li>Declaration of Competing Interests<\/li><li>References<\/li><li>Appendices (if applicable)<\/li><li>Tables<\/li><li>Figures<\/li>\n          <\/ol>\n\n          <h3>Manuscript Style and Format<\/h3>\n          <ul>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-file-word\"><\/i> Manuscripts should be prepared in Microsoft Word format.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-font\"><\/i> Use Times New Roman, 12-point font throughout the manuscript.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-text-height\"><\/i> All text should be double-spaced.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-arrows-alt\"><\/i> Margins should be set at 2.54 cm (1 inch) on all sides.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-sort-numeric-up\"><\/i> Pages should be numbered consecutively.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-file-alt\"><\/i> Manuscripts should normally range between 7,000 and 10,000 words, including references, tables, figures, appendices, and supplementary materials.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-globe\"><\/i> British or American English may be used consistently throughout the manuscript.<\/li>\n            <li><i class=\"fas fa-check-circle\"><\/i> Authors are encouraged to ensure grammatical accuracy and professional language editing before submission.<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n\n          <h3>Title Page<\/h3>\n          <p>The title page should contain:<\/p>\n          <ul>\n            <li><strong>Full title<\/strong> of the manuscript<\/li>\n            <li><strong>Author name(s)<\/strong><\/li>\n            <li><strong>Institutional affiliation(s)<\/strong><\/li>\n            <li><strong>ORCID iD<\/strong> of the corresponding author<\/li>\n            <li><strong>Corresponding author details<\/strong> (postal address, telephone number, and email address)<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n          <p>The title should be concise, informative, and accurately reflect the content of the manuscript. It should be typed in 14-point bold Times New Roman and centred on the page.<\/p>\n\n          <h3>Abstract<\/h3>\n          <p>The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should clearly present:<\/p>\n          <ul>\n            <li>Background of the study<\/li><li>Research problem<\/li><li>Objectives<\/li><li>Methodology<\/li><li>Key findings<\/li><li>Main conclusions and policy implications<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n          <p>The abstract should be self-contained and understandable without reference to the main text. Citations and uncommon abbreviations should be avoided.<\/p>\n\n          <h3>Keywords<\/h3>\n          <p>Authors should provide between three and five keywords that accurately represent the content of the manuscript.<\/p>\n\n          <h3>JEL Classification Codes<\/h3>\n          <p>Authors must provide a minimum of three Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) Classification Codes immediately following the keywords. For details, please refer to the official JEL Classification System.<\/p>\n\n          <h3>Ethical Responsibilities<\/h3>\n          <p>Authors submitting manuscripts to VJBE must ensure:<\/p>\n          <ul>\n            <li>Originality of submitted work.<\/li><li>Proper acknowledgment of all sources.<\/li><li>Absence of plagiarism, fabrication, and falsification.<\/li>\n            <li>Disclosure of any financial or personal conflicts of interest.<\/li><li>Compliance with ethical standards relating to human participants where applicable.<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n          <p>All submissions may be screened using plagiarism detection software prior to peer review.<\/p>\n\n          <h3>Citation and Referencing Style<\/h3>\n          <p>VJBE follows the latest edition of the American Psychological Association (APA) referencing style. Authors are responsible for ensuring that:<\/p>\n          <ul>\n            <li>All citations appearing in the text are included in the reference list.<\/li>\n            <li>All references listed have been cited in the manuscript.<\/li>\n            <li>DOI numbers are included whenever available.<\/li>\n          <\/ul>\n\n          <h3>Peer Review Process<\/h3>\n          <p>All submitted manuscripts undergo an initial editorial screening to assess relevance, originality, quality, and compliance with journal guidelines. Suitable manuscripts are subjected to a rigorous double-blind peer-review process conducted by at least two independent reviewers. Reviewers remain anonymous to authors, and authors remain anonymous to reviewers throughout the evaluation process. The Editor-in-Chief reserves the right to make the final decision regarding acceptance, revision, or rejection of a manuscript.<\/p>\n\n          <h3>Copyright and Open Access Policy<\/h3>\n          <p>Authors retain copyright of their published work. Articles published in VJBE are distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction, and adaptation in any medium, provided appropriate credit is given to the original author(s) and source.<\/p>\n\n          <h3>Submission of Manuscripts<\/h3>\n          <p>Manuscripts should be submitted electronically to:<\/p>\n          <div class=\"highlight-box\">\n            <i class=\"fas fa-envelope\"><\/i> <strong>Editor-in-Chief<\/strong><br>\n            Vavuniya Journal of Business Economics (VJBE)<br>\n            Department of Business Economics<br>\n            Faculty of Business Studies<br>\n            University of Vavuniya, Sri Lanka<br>\n            Email: <strong>vjbe@vau.ac.lk<\/strong>\n          <\/div>\n          <p>There is no fixed submission deadline. Manuscripts are accepted throughout the year and published in the forthcoming issue upon successful completion of the review and editorial process.<\/p>\n          <hr>\n          <p style=\"text-align:center; color:var(--ink-muted);\"><i class=\"fas fa-quote-left\"><\/i> VJBE \u2013 advancing economic scholarship for Sri Lanka and beyond <i class=\"fas fa-quote-right\"><\/i><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n      `\n    },\n    \/\/ ----- NEW: Call for Papers (poster) -----\n    callforpapers: {\n      content: `\n        <div class=\"section-card\">\n          <h2><i class=\"fas fa-bullhorn\"><\/i> Call for Papers<\/h2>\n          <p style=\"margin-bottom:1rem;\">We invite original, high-quality research contributions for the inaugural volume of the Vavuniya Journal of Business Economics (VJBE). Submit your work and contribute to shaping economic discourse in Sri Lanka and beyond.<\/p>\n          <div class=\"poster-wrapper\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/update-the-previous-academic-call-for-papers-poste.png alt=\"VJBE Call for Papers poster\" loading=\"lazy\">\n          <\/div>\n          <div class=\"highlight-box\">\n            <i class=\"fas fa-info-circle\"><\/i> <strong>Submissions open:<\/strong> Rolling basis. For detailed submission guidelines, please refer to the <strong>Author Guidelines<\/strong> tab. Direct inquiries to: <strong>vjbe@vau.ac.lk<\/strong>\n          <\/div>\n          <p style=\"text-align:center; margin-top:1.5rem;\"><span class=\"badge\"><i class=\"fas fa-calendar-alt\"><\/i> First issue: July 2026<\/span> <span class=\"badge\"><i class=\"fas fa-globe-asia\"><\/i> Open access<\/span><\/p>\n        <\/div>\n      `\n    }\n  };\n\n  \/\/ ----- render and tab switching -----\n  function renderTab(tabId) {\n    const pane = document.getElementById('contentPane');\n    const data = pageData[tabId];\n    if (data) {\n      pane.innerHTML = data.content;\n    } else {\n      pane.innerHTML = '<div class=\"section-card\"><h2>Information<\/h2><p>Content not found.<\/p><\/div>';\n    }\n    pane.scrollIntoView({ behavior: 'smooth', block: 'nearest' });\n  }\n\n  function setActiveTab(activeId) {\n    document.querySelectorAll('.tab-btn').forEach(btn => {\n      btn.classList.toggle('active', btn.getAttribute('data-tab') === activeId);\n    });\n    renderTab(activeId);\n  }\n\n  document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => {\n    document.querySelectorAll('.tab-btn').forEach(btn => {\n      btn.addEventListener('click', () => {\n        const tabId = btn.getAttribute('data-tab');\n        if (tabId) setActiveTab(tabId);\n      });\n    });\n    \/\/ default\n    setActiveTab('introduction');\n  });\n<\/script>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vavuniya Journal of Business Economics | VJBE Vavuniya Journal of Business Economics Department of Business Economics \u00b7 Faculty of Business Studies \u00b7 University of Vavuniya, Sri Lanka Peer-reviewed Biannual Open [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"template-fullwidth.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-933","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=933"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/933\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":983,"href":"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/933\/revisions\/983"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/fbs.vau.ac.lk\/be\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}